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Economic Impact of Strait of Hormuz Closure The degree to which each country's economy would be affected by a hypothetical closure of the Strait of Hormuz, considering oil dependence, trade routes, and strategic reserves.
Minimal impact
Catastrophic impact 43 low103 mid57 high
Did you know? (AI-generated) During the Iran-Iraq War, Iran and Iraq regularly attacked oil tankers in the Persian Gulf, a period known as the 'Tanker War,' testing the limits of international maritime law and freedom of navigation through the Strait of Hormuz.
203 countries Iraq 94%
Iraq relies heavily on the Strait of Hormuz for nearly all its crude oil exports, which form the backbone of its national budget.
Catastrophic impact Saudi Arabia 94%
As the largest exporter whose oil transit is heavily concentrated in the Strait, closure poses an existential threat to its primary revenue stream.
Catastrophic impact Qatar 94%
Qatar is one of the world's largest LNG exporters, and virtually all of its LNG exports transit the Strait of Hormuz. A closure would immediately halt its...
Catastrophic impact Iran 94%
Iran is a major exporter whose oil exports are overwhelmingly dependent on the Strait of Hormuz, making it acutely vulnerable to any disruption originating...
Catastrophic impact Kuwait 92%
Kuwait relies almost entirely on the Strait of Hormuz for its massive oil exports, having minimal pipeline infrastructure to circumvent the closure.
Catastrophic impact United Arab Emirates 92%
The UAE is a major oil and LNG exporter whose primary export route is the Strait of Hormuz, despite some limited bypass capacity.
Catastrophic impact Lebanon 91%
Lebanon has virtually no strategic reserves and relies heavily on imported fuel for electricity and transport, making it extremely vulnerable to global price...
Catastrophic impact Bahrain 91%
Bahrain relies on the Strait for the vast majority of its crude oil exports, making it highly exposed to any disruption affecting its primary revenue stream.
Catastrophic impact Maldives 89%
The Maldives is an extremely import-dependent island nation relying almost entirely on seaborne fuel for electricity generation and transport.
Catastrophic impact South Korea 88%
South Korea imports about 12.0% of the oil transiting the Strait and relies heavily on Gulf oil and LNG, possessing limited inventory reserves.
Catastrophic impact Taiwan 88%
Taiwan imports nearly all its energy, with a significant portion of crude oil and LNG passing through the Strait of Hormuz or the South China Sea routes that...
Catastrophic impact China 86%
As the largest single destination for Strait oil (37.7% of flows), a closure would immediately threaten its massive energy needs, despite strategic stockpiling...
Catastrophic impact Japan 86%
Japan imports roughly three-quarters of its oil via the Strait of Hormuz and holds limited LNG inventories, making it acutely vulnerable to supply shocks and...
Catastrophic impact Philippines 85%
The Philippines is highly dependent on imported oil and LNG, with the majority of its supply routed through Asian chokepoints, including the Strait of Hormuz.
Catastrophic impact Haiti 85%
As a low-income, import-dependent nation with limited strategic reserves, Haiti would face catastrophic price inflation for essential energy and goods...
Catastrophic impact India 85%
India is the second-largest destination for Strait oil and imports nearly 60% of its crude from the Middle East, making it acutely vulnerable to supply...
Catastrophic impact Pakistan 84%
Pakistan is highly dependent on imported oil and LNG, with a significant portion of its supply coming from the Middle East via the Strait, and it possesses...
Catastrophic impact Sri Lanka 84%
Sri Lanka is highly dependent on seaborne imports for energy and food, and a Strait closure would cause massive spikes in global fuel prices.
Catastrophic impact Oman 84%
Oman is a significant oil producer that uses the Strait for most of its exports, although the Musandam Peninsula pipeline offers limited bypass capacity.
Catastrophic impact Singapore 83%
Singapore is a massive global refining and bunkering hub that imports the vast majority of its crude and LNG feedstock, much of which transits the Strait.
Catastrophic impact Yemen 81%
Yemen is already in a severe humanitarian and economic crisis, and while it imports energy, the immediate disruption of shipping through the nearby...
Catastrophic impact Thailand 77%
Thailand is a major energy importer in Southeast Asia, relying significantly on Middle Eastern crude and LNG transiting the Strait for its industrial base.
Catastrophic impact Bangladesh 76%
Bangladesh is highly dependent on imported energy, with a significant portion of its crude and LNG coming from the Middle East via this route and possessing...
Catastrophic impact Cambodia 75%
Cambodia is heavily reliant on imported refined petroleum products, with much of its supply flowing through major Asian maritime routes that would be severely...
Catastrophic impact Hong Kong 75%
As a major trading hub heavily reliant on global maritime trade and energy imports, a Strait closure would severely disrupt supply chains and raise operational...
Catastrophic impact Jordan 74%
Jordan has very limited domestic energy resources and relies heavily on imports, often sourced via sea routes that would be heavily impacted by global price...
Catastrophic impact Solomon Islands 73%
As a small Pacific island nation, it relies almost entirely on imported refined petroleum products delivered by sea, making it highly exposed to increased...
Catastrophic impact Vietnam 72%
Vietnam is a rapidly growing Asian economy heavily reliant on imported energy, including LNG and oil, much of which transits the Strait of Hormuz.
Catastrophic impact Timor-Leste 71%
This small nation is highly dependent on energy imports, often sourced from Asian suppliers who rely on the Strait, creating significant indirect exposure.
Catastrophic impact Micronesia 70%
As a small island nation heavily reliant on imported refined fuels for transport and power generation, Micronesia faces extreme vulnerability to global price...
Catastrophic impact Myanmar 69%
Myanmar has limited energy reserves and relies on imports, often sourced from nearby Asian suppliers who depend on Strait flows.
Catastrophic impact Sudan 69%
Sudan has limited domestic oil production and relies on imports, often sourced from the Middle East or Africa, making it sensitive to global price volatility.
Catastrophic impact El Salvador 69%
El Salvador imports nearly all its energy, primarily as refined products, and has limited strategic reserves. Although not a major direct purchaser of Gulf...
Catastrophic impact Brunei 69%
Brunei is a significant oil and LNG exporter, but much of its output is directed toward Asian markets via established routes that may or may not heavily rely...
Catastrophic impact Grenada 68%
As a small Caribbean island, Grenada relies 100% on imported petroleum products for electricity generation and transport, which would face extreme price hikes...
Catastrophic impact Italy 68%
Italy imports a significant portion of its oil and gas from the Middle East, making it moderately exposed to supply chain disruption and price hikes.
Catastrophic impact Mauritius 68%
As a small island developing state heavily reliant on imported fuels for energy and transport, closure would cause severe inflation and logistical collapse due...
Catastrophic impact Djibouti 68%
Djibouti is strategically located near the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait but is a net energy importer relying on global markets; a Hormuz closure would severely inflate...
Catastrophic impact Turkey 68%
Turkey is heavily dependent on imported oil and gas, much of which transits the Mediterranean and Black Sea, but a global price spike caused by the Strait...
Catastrophic impact North Korea 68%
North Korea is already heavily sanctioned and relies on limited, often state-controlled, energy imports, primarily from China/Russia, which may bypass the...
Catastrophic impact Nicaragua 67%
Nicaragua is highly dependent on imported oil, often sourced via sea from Mexico or South America, but any global energy shock will lead to massive price...
Catastrophic impact Sao Tome and Principe 67%
This small island nation has extremely limited economic resilience and is almost entirely dependent on imported fuel for power generation and transport.
Catastrophic impact Malta 67%
As a small EU island nation, Malta imports nearly all its energy, making it highly sensitive to European price surges following a major disruption.
Catastrophic impact Comoros 66%
Comoros is highly vulnerable due to its small, import-dependent economy and low foreign exchange reserves. The resulting global energy price inflation would...
Catastrophic impact Panama 65%
Panama's economy is critically dependent on the Canal, which is not directly affected by the Strait closure, but global trade disruption would severely reduce...
Catastrophic impact Indonesia 64%
Indonesia is a major regional energy consumer and a net importer of oil, though it is also a significant LNG exporter. A closure would drastically increase its...
Catastrophic impact Argentina 64%
Argentina is a net energy importer with significant reliance on global commodity markets and is currently facing high inflation under its current...
Catastrophic impact Saint Kitts and Nevis 63%
This small Caribbean nation is entirely dependent on imported fossil fuels for electricity and transport, making it extremely sensitive to global price shocks.
Catastrophic impact South Africa 63%
South Africa imports a substantial amount of its oil, some of which originates from the Middle East, and it is also a recipient of oil moved via alternative...
Catastrophic impact Syria 62%
Syria is already suffering from severe economic collapse and dependence on limited, often subsidized, fuel imports from allies or through complex routes.
Catastrophic impact Germany 61%
Germany imports significant energy, but its supply chains are diversified, drawing oil via pipelines (North Sea, Eastern Europe) and sea routes that bypass the...
Catastrophic impact Palau 61%
As a small Pacific island nation, Palau has almost no direct oil exports passing through Hormuz and relies on long-distance shipping for all supplies.
Catastrophic impact Samoa 60%
As a remote island nation, Samoa relies entirely on seaborne imports, and while its energy sources might be globally sourced, the massive price shock and...
Catastrophic impact Barbados 60%
As a small island developing state heavily reliant on imported refined petroleum products, a massive global energy price shock would severely strain its...
Catastrophic impact Puerto Rico 60%
As a US territory, it relies heavily on imported refined petroleum products, often sourced from the US Gulf Coast, which would face severe supply constraints...
Catastrophic impact Malaysia 60%
Malaysia is a significant regional energy player (both producer and consumer) but has some diversified export routes and domestic pipeline capacity, mitigating...
Catastrophic impact Fiji 60%
Fiji imports almost all its petroleum products, requiring long maritime voyages, making it susceptible to high global price spikes and increased insurance...
Catastrophic impact Cuba 60%
Cuba's energy supply is historically linked to specific political allies (like Venezuela/Russia), but any global price spike would severely strain its...
Moderate Liberia 59%
Liberia is heavily dependent on maritime trade for fuel, but its primary suppliers are often in the Americas or West Africa, resulting in moderate but not...
Moderate Egypt 58%
Egypt controls the Suez Canal/SUMED pipeline, which benefits from increased traffic if Hormuz closes, but it is also a net importer of LNG, much of which...
Moderate Marshall Islands 57%
As a small Pacific island state, the Marshall Islands has minimal direct trade exposure to Strait of Hormuz flows. The impact will be limited to generalized...
Moderate Seychelles 57%
As a small island economy highly dependent on maritime trade for all imports, a major disruption causing massive freight rate hikes would severely strain its...
Moderate Ethiopia 57%
Ethiopia is landlocked and relies heavily on imported refined fuels, often routed through Djibouti, making it sensitive to global price shocks and increased...
Moderate Jamaica 57%
Jamaica relies heavily on imported petroleum products for energy generation and transportation, making it highly susceptible to global price surges caused by...
Moderate Nauru 57%
As one of the world's smallest nations with an economy historically reliant on finite resources, Nauru is extremely vulnerable to external shocks like massive...
Moderate Spain 56%
Spain is a significant energy importer with limited pipeline connections to the rest of Europe, relying heavily on maritime routes, including LNG and crude oil...
Moderate Somalia 56%
Somalia's economy is primarily agrarian and highly informal, with low direct energy consumption relative to global trade flows.
Moderate Cyprus 56%
As an island nation, Cyprus relies on maritime imports for energy, but its overall energy demand is small, and it is not a major direct purchaser of Hormuz...
Moderate Madagascar 55%
As an island nation, Madagascar is entirely dependent on maritime trade for fuel, and a Strait closure would drastically increase shipping costs for all...
Moderate Antigua and Barbuda 55%
As a small island developing state reliant on imported refined petroleum products, a closure would cause massive price inflation and supply insecurity.
Moderate Tonga 54%
Tonga is a small island nation with negligible direct oil imports from the Middle East via the Strait of Hormuz. Its primary vulnerability stems from global...
Moderate Malawi 54%
As a landlocked, low-income country, Malawi imports refined fuels via Southern African ports, leading to high logistical costs already.
Moderate Slovakia 53%
As a landlocked Central European nation, Slovakia relies heavily on pipelines (like Druzhba) and imports from Western European hubs, which are indirectly...
Moderate Zimbabwe 53%
Zimbabwe is landlocked and imports refined petroleum products via Southern African ports, meaning its direct exposure to the Strait's closure is indirect via...
Moderate Cape Verde 51%
Cape Verde is highly dependent on imported fuels for electricity generation and transportation but sources these supplies primarily from Atlantic and European...
Moderate Palestine 51%
Palestine has minimal direct involvement in global energy transit routes or significant oil imports/exports via the Strait of Hormuz.
Moderate Tunisia 50%
Tunisia imports a significant portion of its energy needs, and while not as dependent as major Asian importers, disruption to Mediterranean/global shipping via...
Moderate Kiribati 50%
As a small island nation heavily reliant on imported fuels, Kiribati faces high relative costs from global price increases caused by the closure.
Moderate Saint Lucia 50%
As a small Caribbean island nation, Saint Lucia relies almost entirely on imported refined petroleum products, often sourced globally, making it highly...
Moderate Tanzania 49%
Tanzania is a net energy importer with limited strategic reserves and relies on sea routes for oil, but it is not a major Asian destination.
Moderate Slovenia 49%
Slovenia is a small, developed EU economy with diversified energy imports, mostly via pipelines or Mediterranean ports. Its vulnerability is relatively low,...
Moderate Kosovo 48%
Kosovo is landlocked and relies on refined products imported via European pipelines and ports, not directly on crude oil shipments through Hormuz.
Moderate Equatorial Guinea 47%
This nation is a moderate oil and LNG exporter, but its production is small globally and its primary export routes are generally not through the Strait of...
Moderate Ghana 47%
Ghana is a net energy importer, relying on global markets where prices would surge dramatically, straining foreign reserves.
Moderate Netherlands 47%
The Netherlands serves as a major European energy hub (Rotterdam) and holds significant strategic reserves, providing strong resilience against immediate...
Moderate Ukraine 47%
Ukraine is landlocked for sea trade, importing refined products via Black Sea or European ports, and is currently focused on wartime resilience.
Moderate Bahamas 47%
As a small, import-dependent island economy, the Bahamas would suffer severe inflationary pressure from global energy price spikes.
Moderate Estonia 47%
Similar to Latvia, Estonia has relatively diversified energy access via the Baltic Sea and strong EU infrastructure links, reducing direct catastrophic...
Moderate Nigeria 47%
Nigeria is a major oil exporter, but most of its crude is shipped via the Gulf of Guinea, not the Strait of Hormuz. However, its domestic economy is highly...
Moderate Libya 46%
Libya is a significant oil producer, but its exports primarily flow through the Mediterranean (via pipelines to terminals on the coast), making it less...
Moderate Greece 46%
Greece is primarily an oil importer reliant on global markets, but it is not a major Asian destination and has access to diverse European and Mediterranean...
Moderate Bosnia and Herzegovina 46%
This country is heavily dependent on imported fossil fuels, often sourced via maritime routes reaching Adriatic ports, making it susceptible to elevated global...
Moderate Portugal 46%
Portugal relies heavily on seaborne imports for oil and LNG, but its Atlantic access allows for easier (though more expensive) rerouting from sources outside...
Moderate Guatemala 45%
Similar to Honduras, Guatemala imports refined products and some crude, often from the Americas, minimizing direct exposure to the Strait's blockage.
Moderate Belgium 45%
As a major European hub with access to Atlantic ports and established pipeline networks, Belgium's direct energy supply chain is relatively buffered from a...
Moderate Nepal 45%
Nepal is entirely landlocked and receives almost all its energy supplies overland from India, insulating it from direct maritime disruption.
Moderate Tuvalu 44%
Tuvalu is a very small island nation with minimal energy demands, and its trade routes are not critically dependent on this specific chokepoint for essential...
Moderate Kenya 44%
Kenya imports crude oil primarily via the Indian Ocean, but often from the Middle East, making it susceptible to increased freight costs and supply chain...
Moderate Burkina Faso 44%
Burkina Faso is landlocked and relies on refined fuel imports through West African ports, making its direct exposure low, similar to other inland African...
Moderate Poland 44%
Poland has significantly reduced its reliance on Russian energy and has invested in LNG terminals and diversification, lessening direct dependence on Strait...
Moderate Eswatini 44%
Eswatini is heavily reliant on South Africa for energy imports, which in turn relies on global markets affected by the Strait.
Moderate Benin 44%
Benin imports energy primarily from West African sources or global spot markets, with limited direct reliance on Gulf oil transiting Hormuz.
Moderate Democratic Republic of the Congo 44%
The DRC has very low direct trade links with Middle Eastern oil producers using the Strait and relies heavily on regional or sea routes for its limited imports.
Moderate Latvia 44%
Latvia imports most of its energy, but its access to the Baltic Sea and proximity to established EU supply diversification routes (including LNG terminals)...
Moderate Australia 43%
Australia is a major LNG exporter, but it relies on the Strait for a significant portion of its crude oil imports, though it has strategic reserves.
Moderate New Zealand 43%
New Zealand imports nearly all its oil and significant LNG, relying on long-distance shipping routes which would be severely impacted by rerouting around...
Moderate Central African Republic 43%
The CAR is landlocked and imports very little petroleum, relying on refined products transported overland from coastal African nations.
Moderate Eritrea 42%
Eritrea is not a major oil producer or consumer, and its limited trade likely uses nearby Red Sea ports, making direct dependency on Hormuz transit low.
Moderate Burundi 42%
Burundi is a landlocked, low-income country with minimal direct reliance on seaborne oil imports through Hormuz. The primary impact would be indirect via...
Moderate France 42%
France is a major energy consumer but has significant strategic reserves and diversified import sources, including LNG terminals and pipeline access across...
Moderate Armenia 42%
Armenia is landlocked and relies primarily on pipeline gas from Russia and oil imports routed through Georgia or Iran, minimizing direct exposure to the...
Moderate Peru 42%
Peru is a net energy importer but has significant domestic production and access to Pacific shipping lanes, reducing its reliance on the Strait of Hormuz...
Moderate Montenegro 41%
As a small European nation, Montenegro's energy supply is diversified across the Mediterranean and Europe, making direct, catastrophic dependency on Hormuz...
Moderate Morocco 41%
Morocco imports most of its energy from sources other than the Persian Gulf, often via the Atlantic or Mediterranean, limiting direct exposure to the Strait...
Moderate Guyana 41%
Guyana's economy is rapidly growing due to new offshore oil production, but it is not currently dependent on Middle Eastern oil or LNG imports via the Strait...
Moderate Georgia 41%
Georgia is relatively small and has diversified energy sources, including pipelines from the Caspian region (Azerbaijan), which may offer some partial...
Moderate Mozambique 40%
Mozambique is a developing economy with growing LNG interests, but its primary energy imports are not overwhelmingly routed through the Strait of Hormuz,...
Moderate United Kingdom 40%
The UK is a significant oil and gas producer, reducing its dependence on Strait imports, although it is still exposed to global price shocks.
Moderate Moldova 40%
Moldova is landlocked and relies heavily on European energy infrastructure, making direct disruption from the Strait of Hormuz closure less immediate than for...
Moderate Cameroon 40%
Cameroon is a minor oil producer and net importer, sourcing most of its energy from regional African suppliers or Atlantic routes.
Moderate Ireland 39%
Ireland is an island nation heavily reliant on maritime trade for all energy imports, primarily LNG and oil from the Atlantic/North Sea, but also significant...
Moderate Belize 39%
Belize is a small Central American economy with low energy demand and diverse, less Strait-dependent import sources. The primary vulnerability stems from...
Moderate Vanuatu 39%
Similar to Tuvalu, Vanuatu has low energy consumption and relies on maritime trade routes that are generally less focused on the Strait of Hormuz corridor for...
Moderate Dominican Republic 39%
As a Caribbean nation, the DR's energy imports are typically sourced from the Americas or West Africa, minimizing direct reliance on Strait-transiting oil.
Moderate Mongolia 39%
Mongolia is landlocked and heavily dependent on Russia and China for energy imports, but its economy is highly vulnerable to global commodity price inflation.
Moderate Greenland 39%
As an autonomous territory heavily dependent on Denmark and imports for nearly all goods, a global energy shock would severely impact its high cost of living...
Moderate Bulgaria 39%
Bulgaria has historically been highly dependent on Russian energy, but recent EU efforts have pushed for diversification away from single sources.
Moderate Cote d'Ivoire 38%
Cote d'Ivoire imports refined products, but its overall energy demand is moderate and its supply chain diversification suggests vulnerability lower than major...
Moderate New Caledonia 38%
As a French territory in the Pacific, New Caledonia's energy supply is likely secured via long-haul tankers from various sources, potentially including Middle...
Moderate Botswana 38%
Botswana is landlocked and imports refined petroleum products primarily via South Africa, which sources globally. While not directly on the Strait route, the...
Moderate Guinea 38%
Guinea is not a major importer of Middle Eastern oil or LNG, relying more on regional African or Atlantic suppliers, thus its direct exposure to the Strait is...
Moderate Dominica 38%
Dominica is a small Caribbean island with negligible direct trade volumes passing through Hormuz. Its vulnerability is low, primarily related to general...
Moderate Angola 37%
Angola is a significant African oil exporter whose crude primarily flows west into the Atlantic or south, largely bypassing the Strait of Hormuz.
Moderate Hungary 37%
As a landlocked EU nation, Hungary relies heavily on pipeline imports (like Druzhba) for crude oil, which are largely unaffected by maritime chokepoints.
Moderate Mexico 37%
Mexico is a significant oil producer and has substantial refining capacity, reducing its reliance on seaborne crude imports through the Strait for domestic...
Moderate Croatia 37%
Croatia imports most of its energy, but its access to the Adriatic Sea allows for diverse sourcing, including LNG terminals and pipelines from non-Hormuz...
Moderate Suriname 37%
Suriname is a small economy with limited energy infrastructure and high import dependency, meaning global price spikes will cause significant domestic...
Moderate Honduras 36%
Honduras is a small, non-oil-producing economy highly dependent on imported refined petroleum products, likely sourced from the US Gulf Coast or Caribbean...
Moderate Sierra Leone 36%
Sierra Leone is a low-income, resource-poor nation with low overall energy consumption, importing most needs via sea routes not exclusively reliant on Hormuz.
Moderate Togo 36%
Togo relies on maritime imports for its energy needs, and while not a primary Asian destination, it faces significant vulnerability from global price spikes...
Moderate Israel 35%
Israel has significantly diversified its energy mix, including domestic gas production and LNG imports via the Suez Canal/Mediterranean, reducing direct...
Moderate Chile 35%
Chile is geographically distant and primarily imports energy from the Americas, minimizing direct exposure to Strait of Hormuz closures.
Moderate South Sudan 35%
South Sudan's oil exports flow primarily through pipelines to Sudan and then to the Red Sea, bypassing the Strait entirely.
Moderate Afghanistan 34%
As a landlocked nation, Afghanistan's energy imports rely on overland routes from Central Asia or Pakistan, largely bypassing the Strait of Hormuz for direct...
Moderate Lesotho 34%
As a small, landlocked nation entirely dependent on South Africa for imports, Lesotho's direct exposure to the Strait is negligible.
Moderate Russia 34%
Russia is a major energy exporter, but its primary export routes to Europe are via pipelines (Druzhba, Nord Stream 2/Baltic Sea) and Far East ports, limiting...
Moderate Papua New Guinea 34%
PNG is highly reliant on imported fuels, and its logistical position makes rerouting around the Cape extremely costly, increasing the price of essential...
Moderate Czechia 34%
As a landlocked Central European nation, Czechia is largely insulated from direct maritime chokepoint risks, relying on established pipeline networks (like...
Moderate Serbia 33%
Serbia is landlocked and primarily imports Russian energy via pipeline, offering some insulation from direct maritime chokepoint closures.
Moderate Colombia 33%
Colombia is a moderate net oil exporter, but its primary export routes are through the Atlantic/Pacific coasts, not the Strait of Hormuz.
Moderate Guinea-Bissau 32%
Guinea-Bissau is a low-income nation with minimal direct energy trade dependence on the Strait of Hormuz, importing most of its refined products from regional...
Moderate Gabon 32%
Gabon is an oil exporter, but its exports are primarily directed toward Europe and the Americas, often utilizing Atlantic routes rather than relying on the...
Moderate Western Sahara 32%
This territory has negligible direct involvement in global oil transit via the Strait of Hormuz and minimal integration into global energy supply chains.
Moderate Austria 32%
As a landlocked, developed European nation, Austria is shielded from direct maritime route disruption but would face severe secondary effects through sharply...
Moderate Romania 31%
Romania is primarily supplied by Black Sea and regional pipelines (e.g., Druzhba), minimizing direct reliance on Strait of Hormuz crude shipments.
Moderate Finland 31%
Finland imports most of its oil and gas from outside the Middle East (e.g., Norway, Russia historically, though diversification is ongoing), limiting direct...
Moderate Uruguay 31%
Uruguay is geographically distant from the Strait and sources most of its energy from non-Middle Eastern suppliers or through established Atlantic routes.
Moderate Gambia 31%
As a small, low-income nation with limited direct involvement in global oil transit via the Strait, Gambia's vulnerability is low, primarily limited to the...
Moderate Uganda 31%
Uganda is landlocked and relies heavily on refined petroleum products, often imported via East African ports supplied through routes avoiding the Strait.
Moderate Congo 30%
The Democratic Republic of Congo is not a major oil exporter or importer reliant on the Strait of Hormuz for its primary energy trade routes.
Moderate Namibia 30%
Namibia is not a major energy consumer or producer, but its economy relies heavily on imports, making it susceptible to global inflation caused by soaring oil...
Minimal impact Mauritania 29%
Mauritania is not a major oil producer or consumer dependent on Strait of Hormuz flows for its energy needs. Its economy relies more on fishing and mining,...
Minimal impact Tajikistan 29%
Tajikistan is landlocked and does not directly import significant oil or LNG via sea routes, making it relatively insulated from the immediate maritime closure.
Minimal impact Trinidad and Tobago 28%
This nation is a significant LNG exporter, but its primary export routes are generally directed toward North and South American markets, not critically...
Minimal impact Ecuador 28%
Ecuador is a minor oil exporter, but most of its crude oil exports travel via the Pacific, not the Strait of Hormuz. Its primary economic vulnerability stems...
Minimal impact Monaco 28%
As a small, wealthy city-state, Monaco's energy needs are small and are met through established European supply chains, likely sourced from refined products...
Minimal impact Switzerland 27%
As a landlocked, wealthy nation, Switzerland imports almost all its energy, but it is not directly on a major maritime route dependent on the Strait.
Minimal impact Rwanda 27%
As a landlocked African nation, Rwanda's energy supply chain is already complex and relies heavily on regional distribution rather than direct maritime imports...
Minimal impact Sweden 26%
Sweden has a diversified energy mix and strong strategic reserves, mitigating the immediate shock, although higher global prices due to the closure would still...
Minimal impact Mali 26%
Mali is landlocked and has minimal direct trade exposure to the Strait of Hormuz, relying primarily on West African ports for imports.
Minimal impact Chad 26%
Chad is landlocked and imports energy via pipelines and road transport, largely sourced from Nigeria or Cameroon, thus avoiding direct Hormuz transit risks.
Minimal impact Brazil 25%
Brazil is a large, relatively self-sufficient oil producer with diversified energy sources and significant Atlantic access for imports.
Minimal impact Laos 25%
Laos is landlocked and has minimal direct trade reliance on maritime chokepoints like Hormuz for its primary energy imports.
Minimal impact Denmark 25%
Denmark is a developed European economy with high energy efficiency and some domestic production (North Sea). Its vulnerability stems from higher European...
Minimal impact Lithuania 25%
As a Baltic state and EU member, Lithuania is heavily reliant on alternative supply routes (like Klaipeda port) and has significantly diversified away from...
Minimal impact Bolivia 24%
Bolivia is a net natural gas exporter, which might offer some buffer, but it still imports refined petroleum products, making it exposed to high global prices.
Minimal impact Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 24%
As a small island economy with minimal direct energy imports reliant on the Strait, the primary impact would be indirect via global commodity price spikes.
Minimal impact Luxembourg 23%
As a highly developed, landlocked European nation, Luxembourg's direct reliance on Hormuz shipping lanes for energy is minimal due to EU diversification and...
Minimal impact Kyrgyzstan 23%
As a doubly landlocked Central Asian state, Kyrgyzstan's energy supply is overwhelmingly dependent on pipeline flows from Russia and Kazakhstan, largely...
Minimal impact French Guiana 23%
As an integral part of France, its energy supply is secured through centralized EU/French procurement, which buffers immediate shortages but faces massive...
Minimal impact Kazakhstan 23%
Kazakhstan is landlocked and its oil exports primarily flow westward via pipelines to Russia and China, largely bypassing the Strait of Hormuz.
Minimal impact Costa Rica 23%
Costa Rica imports most of its oil and gas via the Pacific or Caribbean, largely bypassing the Strait of Hormuz transit corridor directly.
Minimal impact United States 23%
The US is largely energy independent and possesses the world's largest strategic reserves, mitigating immediate supply shock.
Minimal impact Zambia 23%
Zambia is a landlocked African nation heavily reliant on imports, but its energy supply is sourced primarily from Southern African ports or pipeline imports...
Minimal impact Bhutan 23%
Bhutan is landlocked and relies almost entirely on India for energy imports, meaning the Strait of Hormuz closure would not directly affect its supply lines.
Minimal impact Senegal 22%
Senegal is a developing West African nation with low direct energy dependence on Strait-transiting oil, though it would suffer from generalized global price...
Minimal impact Venezuela 22%
Despite having significant oil reserves, Venezuela's current export capacity is low and heavily sanctioned, meaning its direct volume transiting Hormuz is...
Minimal impact Iceland 21%
Iceland is geographically distant and relies minimally on Middle Eastern oil/LNG, primarily sourcing energy from domestic geothermal/hydro and North Atlantic...
Minimal impact North Macedonia 21%
This landlocked Balkan nation imports almost no energy directly via the Strait of Hormuz, relying instead on pipelines and Mediterranean ports.
Minimal impact Belarus 21%
Belarus's energy sector is deeply integrated with Russia, relying primarily on pipeline flows, which should remain largely unaffected by the Strait closure.
Minimal impact Albania 21%
Albania is not a major oil producer or direct importer of Gulf crude, relying more on regional suppliers and Mediterranean routes.
Minimal impact Uzbekistan 19%
As a landlocked Central Asian nation, Uzbekistan is insulated from direct maritime chokepoint risks, relying instead on pipeline infrastructure for its energy...
Minimal impact Paraguay 18%
As a landlocked South American country, Paraguay imports virtually no energy that transits the Strait of Hormuz, relying on regional supplies or Atlantic...
Minimal impact Algeria 18%
Algeria is a significant gas and oil exporter whose primary routes to Europe are via Mediterranean pipelines or sea routes bypassing the Strait.
Minimal impact Niger 16%
Niger is landlocked and its energy needs are relatively small, primarily met through regional African supply chains or pipelines, making direct exposure to the...
Minimal impact Canada 16%
Canada is a major oil producer with significant domestic supply and export infrastructure bypassing this chokepoint. Its exposure is primarily through the...
Minimal impact Liechtenstein 16%
As a small, wealthy, landlocked European nation, Liechtenstein has no direct maritime trade route through Hormuz and relies on stable EU supply chains.
Minimal impact Turkmenistan 16%
Turkmenistan is a major gas and oil exporter, but its primary export routes lead east to China or west via the Caspian Sea, largely bypassing the Strait of...
Minimal impact Azerbaijan 16%
Azerbaijan is a regional energy exporter whose primary export routes (Ceyhan pipeline to the Mediterranean) bypass the Strait of Hormuz entirely.
Minimal impact San Marino 15%
As a small, highly integrated European microstate, San Marino imports refined products via established EU infrastructure, insulating it significantly from...
Minimal impact Andorra 14%
As a small, landlocked European microstate heavily reliant on imports via France and Spain, its direct exposure to Hormuz closure is minimal compared to global...
Minimal impact Norway 11%
Norway is a major independent energy exporter and has robust domestic production, significantly insulating it from supply chain disruption via the Strait.
Minimal impact Vatican City 7%
As a microstate with no significant industrial base or energy production, its vulnerability is entirely derivative, relying on Italian supply stability.
Minimal impact